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U.S. Laws
U.S. Federal Child Labor Law
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Non-Agricultural Employment
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Agricultural Employment
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Minimum Age for “Non-Hazardous” Employment
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14 years old
*Exceptions include: newspaper delivery, performing in radio, television, movie, or theatrical productions, and work for parents in family business (except manufacturing or hazardous jobs)
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10 and 11-years-old, with parental consent, on farms not covered by minimum wage requirements
12 and 13-years-old, with parental consent
14 and 15-years-old, no restrictions on non-hazardous work
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Minimum Age for Hazardous Employment
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18 years old
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16 years old
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Maximum Hours of Employment for youth under 16-years-old
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No work during school hours. Additionally:
On school days: 3 hours/day, 18 hours/week maximum
When school is out of session: 8 hours/day, 40 hours/week
Labor Day to May 31: work must occur between 7 am-7 pm
June 1-Labor Day: all work must occur between 7 am-9 pm
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No work during school hours.
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Federal Minimum Wage and Overtime
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Federal Minimum is $5.15 per hour
Youth Minimum is $4.25 per hour for employees under 20 years of age during their first 90 consecutive calendar days of employment with an employer
Overtime (1 1/2 regular pay) must be paid after 40 hours/week
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Many agricultural employers are exempt from federal minimum wage requirements
For agricultural employers who are not exempt from minimum wage laws, the same federal and youth minimum discussed in the non-agricultural section would apply.
Agricultural employees are exempt from overtime requirements under federal law
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Iowa Child Labor Law
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Non-Agricultural Employment
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Agricultural Employment
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Minimum Age for “Non-Hazardous” Employment
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14 years-old, with work permit (permit also required for 15-year-olds)
10 to 15-year-olds must have a work permit and school certification to deliver newspapers or perform other street occupation, such as selling items door-to-door
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Migratory workers must be 12-years-old and a work permit is required until 16-years-old
Part-time agricultural work is exempt (No minimum age, no permits required up to 14 hours/week during school year, 20 hours/week outside of school year)
14 years-old for certain types of seed production, including removal of corn tassels during June, July, August (no work permit is required)
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Minimum Age for Hazardous Employment
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18 years old
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None
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Maximum Hours of Employment for youth under 16 years-old
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No work during school hours. Additionally:
On school days: 4 hours/day, 28 hours/week maximum
When school is out of session: 8 hours/day, 40 hours/week
Labor Day to May 31: work must occur between 7 am-7 pm
June 1-Labor Day: all work must occur between 7 am-9 pm
Workdays of 5 hours or more must allow a 30-minute break
Street vendors may work between 4 am-7:30 pm from Labor Day to June 1, and from 4 am-8:30 pm the rest of the year.
Child models may work no more than 3 hours/day and 12 hours/month. They may work between 7 am-10 pm.
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No work during school hours.
12 to 16-year-old migratory workers may work between 5 am-7:30 pm from Labor Day to June 1, and between 5 am-9 pm the rest of the year
No limits on work hours for some types of seed production, including removal of corn tassels, during June, July, August
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** In order to determine whether an employer is covered by the Fair Labor Standards Act or State Law, visit the U.S. Department of Labor’s FLSA Advisor.
Educational materials containing information on U.S. Laws regarding Child Labor, including Adult Education—Core Workshop on Child Labor and K-12 Teachers’ Materials, are available through this web site. These materials include Power Point presentations, instructors’ manuals, activities, and handouts. You may adapt these materials to your group’s needs.
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